Serbia and Montenegro arose the official name of the state as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the evolution of restructuring the country formerly known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the largest part of the dissolved SFRY and made up of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Within Serbia, there are two autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the protectorate of the UN from 1999. Linguistic policy and manipulations of the history, official standards and names of different tongues took an important role in the numerous intra-national unrests that broke out from 1990 till 1999 and it is yet a very delicate problem in the whole territory of the peninsula. Best Translate from Italian to English
The state language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the population); the same judicial status is allowed to both the Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet, but the former is favored by Serbian authorities. Minority languages, that are also in official disposal in the regions where they are spoken, are Hungarian (in line with the 2002 census data of the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 speakers), Bosnian (134 500 speakers), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 speakers), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Local languages are used at every levels of upbringing: in early schools, high schools, and at technical schools and universities. The first linguistic consequence of the political and ethnic processes of the last decade of XX century is that the language that previously was officially called Serbo-Croat has received a number of new nationally and politically based names. Thus, the names Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnianare politically determined and refer to the same language with acceptable slight changes. The language has two general dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, as a rule, Ekavian is spread widely in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken to the large extent in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these dialects do not coincide with the nationally based names.
The linguistic situation in Kosovo is less clear at present, because about 300 000 refugees from this region, predominantly Serbs, are still in the process of returning to their places. This fact makes the numbers of natives reported unpredictable. Today, according to the Statistical Office of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the citizens of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The rest of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translation service
The official tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are modern developments to enter the term Montenegrin, either parallel to or as a replacement to the name Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term addresses the one language that was named Serbo-Croat, and is rather a matter of governmental resolutions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman spelling are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the StatOffice of the Republic of Montenegro show that around 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, recognize themselves as speakers of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, some 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and approx. 3000 speak other languages.
Linguistic Facts in Serbia and Montenegro
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July 28, 2011